Evaluating oven performance goes beyond mere temperature accuracy; it involves analyzing convection fan technology, even heat distribution, and interior capacity. For home chefs seeking precision and reliability, selecting the best electric oven is crucial for unlocking culinary potential.
Whether you prioritize rapid preheating, advanced self-cleaning cycles, or energy efficiency, the right electric range can transform your cooking experience. We delve into the cutting-edge innovations and essential features that define the best electric oven options available today. Continue reading to uncover kitchen powerhouses that promise unparalleled baking and roasting capabilities, and discover which models stand out in sophisticated home kitchens.
Find Your Ideal Electric Oven Match!
1. Cuisinart Air Fryer Toaster Oven, 1800W, 8-in-1 with Air Fry,
Transform your kitchen with the Cuisinart Air Fryer Toaster Oven, an 1800-watt powerhouse delivering 8-in-1 versatility for everyday cooking and entertaining. Experience faster, crispier meals thanks to its advanced AirAdvantage technology, making it the ideal counter-top oven for busy households seeking delicious results with minimal effort.
This robust appliance expertly handles everything from toasting six slices of bread to air frying 3 lbs. of wings, baking a 12” pizza, or roasting a 4-lb. chicken.
chicken. With an intuitive dial selector offering precise temperature control from Warm to 450°F, a 60-minute timer with auto-shutoff, and a dedicated toast shade selector, achieving culinary perfection is simpler than ever. The spacious interior and AirAdvantage system ensure even cooking and superior crispness for all your favorite dishes.
Pros
- Exceptional Versatility: Consolidate multiple kitchen appliances with 8 cooking functions including air fry, convection bake, toast, broil, grill, and warm, providing a comprehensive cooking solution for a wide array of recipes. This makes it a highly functional electric oven for any meal prep.
- Superior Air Frying Performance: AirAdvantage technology with an optimized top fan and heater assembly delivers consistent, hot air circulation, resulting in incredibly crispy food with locked-in flavor. This convection toaster oven elevates your fried favorites.
- Generous Capacity: Easily prepare family-sized meals; roast a 4-lb. chicken, bake a 12-inch pizza, or air fry up to 3 lbs. of chicken wings, fitting six slices of bread for toast. It’s a highly capable countertop oven for various needs.
- User-Friendly Controls & Easy Cleanup: Features an adjustable temperature dial (Warm-450°F), 60-minute timer with auto-shutoff, and a toast shade selector for effortless operation. The stainless steel interior with a non-stick coating and included accessories simplify post-meal cleanup.
Cons
- Not Smart Home Compatible: Lacks Wi-Fi connectivity or smart home integration, which may be a drawback for users seeking app control or voice command functionality with their kitchen appliances.
The Cuisinart Air Fryer Toaster Oven is a top-tier choice for those seeking an efficient, multi-functional, and powerful air fryer oven. Its combination of advanced air frying technology, substantial capacity, and diverse cooking presets makes it an outstanding addition to any kitchen looking to simplify meal preparation while delivering consistently delicious results.
2. Emeril Lagasse Extra Large French Door Air Fryer Toaster Oven
Transform your kitchen and culinary creations with the Emeril Lagasse Extra Large French Door Air Fryer Toaster Oven. This versatile appliance seamlessly blends advanced air frying technology with traditional oven capabilities, making it an indispensable tool for everyday meals and special occasions.
Experience the ultimate in kitchen convenience. From achieving perfectly crisp air-fried snacks to roasting succulent meals for a crowd, this multi-cooker handles it all. Its spacious interior and sophisticated design, featuring elegant French doors and a durable stainless steel finish, ensure both functionality and style.
Its spacious interior and sophisticated design, featuring elegant French doors and a durable stainless steel finish, ensure both functionality and style.
Pros
- Exceptional Versatility: Go beyond toasting with true convection air frying, baking, roasting, broiling, and dehydrating. Achieve authentic fried taste and texture without the guilt, thanks to 360º superheated air circulation powered by a dual-speed fan.
- Intuitive Toasting: Say goodbye to burnt toast. The automatic shut-off feature and visible countdown timer ensure your toast is done to perfection every time, indicated by a color change light from red to blue.
- Elegant and Practical Design: The extra-large capacity is ideal for families or entertaining. The sleek stainless steel exterior complements any kitchen decor, while the French doors and interior light offer easy monitoring of your food’s progress.
- Precise Temperature Control: With a temperature range from 75 to 500 degrees Fahrenheit and a digital touchscreen, you have precise control over your cooking, from gentle warming to high-heat searing.
Cons
- While the extra-large capacity is a significant advantage, its dimensions may require a dedicated space on your countertop.
The Emeril Lagasse French Door oven is more than just an air fryer; it’s a comprehensive cooking solution. If you’re looking for a high-performance, stylish, and multifunctional appliance to elevate your home cooking, this extra-large air fryer toaster oven is an outstanding choice.
3. BLACK+DECKER TO1313SBD Toaster Oven, 15.47 Inch, Silver
Elevate your kitchen convenience with the BLACK+DECKER TO1313SBD Toaster Oven in a sleek Silver finish. This compact countertop appliance offers versatility for everyday meals, from perfectly toasted bread to delicious mini pizzas, all with intuitive controls and easy cleanup.
Designed for efficiency, this 47-inch toaster oven boasts a curved interior capable of holding a 9-inch pizza or up to 4 slices of bread.
Its four cooking functions – bake, broil, toast, and warm – make it an indispensable tool for busy households needing quick meal preparation and reheating solutions.
Pros
- Accommodates popular small meals like a 9-inch pizza or four slices of bread, making it ideal for quick lunches or snacks.
- Offers four versatile cooking functions (bake, broil, toast, warm) powered by natural convection for consistent heat circulation and crisp results.
- Features a precision 30-minute timer with a convenient stay-on option for controlled cooking and safety assurance.
- Includes a removable crumb tray for effortless and hygienic cleaning, simplifying post-meal tidying.
- Its compact and contemporary stainless steel design complements any kitchen counter without occupying excessive space.
Cons
- External surfaces can become hot during operation, requiring caution and oven mitts for safe handling.
This BLACK+DECKER toaster oven is an excellent choice for individuals or small families seeking a reliable and space-saving kitchen appliance. Its straightforward operation and multifunctional capabilities make it perfect for daily toasting, baking small items, and reheating leftovers, offering exceptional value in a compact electric oven.
4. Ninja Artisan Electric Outdoor Pizza Oven with Stone | 12-inch
Elevate your outdoor culinary adventures with the Ninja Artisan Electric Outdoor Pizza Oven. Experience restaurant-quality 12-inch pizzas, baked to perfection with beautiful leopard spotting and bubbling cheese, all in an astonishing 3 minutes. This versatile electric outdoor oven unlocks a world of flavor for your backyard gatherings.
This innovative outdoor pizza cooker boasts 5-in-1 functionality, allowing you to bake, broil, warm, and proof dough in addition to crafting perfect pizzas. With precise electric heat up to 700°F and five distinct pizza settings (Neapolitan, Thin Crust, Pan, New York, and Custom), achieving your desired crust and toppings is effortless.
Beyond pizza, it’s ideal for cooking full meals outdoors, such as baking a 12 x 12 mac and cheese while your burgers or chicken cook on the grill.
Pros
- Remarkably Fast Pizza Perfection: Achieve authentic, restaurant-style 12-inch pizzas with even browning and melted cheese in just 3 minutes after an 18-minute preheat, making it perfect for entertaining.
- Versatile 5-in-1 Cooking: Go beyond pizza with bake, broil, warm, and proof settings, expanding your outdoor cooking repertoire and allowing for complete meal preparation.
- Precise Electric Temperature Control: Enjoy effortless heat management from 90°F to 700°F without the fuss of live flames, ensuring consistent results for various dishes.
- Weather-Resistant Design: Built to withstand outdoor elements, allowing for convenient storage while maintaining readiness for your next cooking session.
- Professional Proofing Capability: The dedicated 90°F proofing function is ideal for achieving bakery-quality bread and pizza dough, eliminating guesswork for superior textures.
Cons
- Preheating time of 18 minutes might be a consideration for spontaneous cooking needs.
The Ninja Artisan Electric Outdoor Pizza Oven redefines backyard cooking, offering unparalleled speed and versatility for pizza enthusiasts and home chefs alike. Its intelligent design and robust performance make it a standout choice for anyone seeking delicious, perfectly cooked pizzas and more, al fresco.
5. Breville BOV900BSS Smart Oven Air Fryer Pro and Convection Oven,
Experience culinary transformation with the Breville Smart Oven Air Fryer Pro, a revolutionary countertop appliance designed to elevate your cooking. This versatile oven seamlessly combines air frying, convection baking, and dehydrating capabilities, offering unparalleled convenience and delicious results for any home chef.
Engineered with Breville’s innovative Element iQ™ System, this unit intelligently directs power to where it’s needed most, ensuring precise temperature control and eliminating cold spots for consistently perfect meals. Its super convection technology significantly reduces cooking times, making it ideal for busy households seeking efficient and gourmet-quality food preparation.
Pros
- Superior Convection Performance: The Element iQ™ System, coupled with two-speed super convection, delivers accelerated and even heat distribution, drastically cutting down cooking times by up to 30% and achieving that ideal crispiness for air-fried dishes like fries and wings. This advanced air fryer technology is a game-changer for roasting and baking.
- Unmatched Versatility with 13 Functions: Beyond basic toasting and baking, explore 11 additional cooking presets including Pizza, Proof for bread dough, dehydrate up to four trays of fruits or jerky, slow cook, and efficient reheat functions, making it a true all-in-one kitchen workhorse.
- Generous Capacity for Families: With an interior large enough to accommodate a 14-pound turkey, a 9×13 inch baking pan, or multiple servings of air-fried favorites, this extra-large countertop oven is perfect for family dinners and entertaining guests.
- Intuitive Smart Controls and Visibility: The bright LCD display simplifies function selection and monitoring, while the automatically activated interior oven light offers clear visibility of your food’s progress without disturbing the cooking environment.
Cons
- Countertop Footprint: Due to its substantial capacity and advanced features, the Breville Smart Oven Air Fryer Pro requires significant counter space, which may be a consideration for smaller kitchens.
The Breville Smart Oven Air Fryer Pro represents the pinnacle of countertop oven technology, offering exceptional performance across a wide array of cooking applications. Its intelligent design and robust feature set make it an invaluable addition to any kitchen seeking to simplify meal preparation while enhancing culinary outcomes.
6. BLACK+DECKER Crisp ‘N Bake Air Fryer Countertop Convection Toaster Oven,
Transform your kitchen with the BLACK+DECKER Crisp ‘N Bake Air Fryer Countertop Convection Toaster Oven, offering unparalleled meal preparation versatility. This innovative appliance is your all-in-one solution for creating delicious, healthy meals and snacks with remarkable ease, making it a top choice for many home cooks seeking a reliable electric oven upgrade.
Experience five distinct cooking functions: air fry, bake, broil, toast, and keep warm, all within one compact unit. Its advanced air fry technology utilizes hot air circulation to deliver up to 75% less fat in your favorite fried foods, providing a healthier alternative without sacrificing crispiness.
Pros
- Enjoy healthier, crispy results with up to 75% less fat thanks to efficient Air Fry Technology.
- Prepare a variety of meals and snacks, including a 12-inch pizza or six toast slices, thanks to its large capacity.
- Achieve perfectly even browning and toasting with the specially designed interior that ensures consistent heat distribution via EvenToast Technology.
- Simplify meal preparation and cleanup with intuitive controls, a 60-minute timer with stay-on function, and included accessories like an air fry basket and bake pan.
Cons
- As a countertop appliance, counter space is required for optimal placement and usability.
The BLACK+DECKER Crisp ‘N Bake Air Fryer Countertop Convection Toaster Oven is an exceptional electric oven for those seeking a multifunctional appliance that excels in creating both healthy and indulgent meals. Its smart design and user-friendly features make it an ideal addition to any kitchen for everyday cooking and quick meal solutions.
7. BLACK+DECKER TO3250XSBD 8-Slice Extra Wide Convection Countertop Toaster Oven, Includes
Elevate your home cooking with the BLACK+DECKER 8-Slice Extra Wide Convection Countertop Toaster Oven. This versatile kitchen essential offers impressive capacity and advanced convection heating, making it your go-to appliance for everything from perfectly toasted bread to delicious baked dinners, all on your countertop.
This extra-wide toaster oven boasts a spacious interior capable of fitting most standard 9”x13” oven pans, even with handles, simplifying the transfer of food from oven to table. Its powerful convection fan ensures fast and even cooking for a variety of dishes, while dedicated functions cover baking, broiling, toasting, and warming.
Pros
- Generous Capacity & Pan Compatibility: Effortlessly accommodates most standard 9”x13” oven pans, allowing you to use your existing bakeware and easily serve meals directly from the oven.
- Efficient Convection Baking: The integrated convection fan circulates hot air for quicker, more uniform cooking results compared to traditional ovens, perfect for achieving golden-brown crusts and evenly cooked meals.
- Precise Toasting Control: A dedicated toast timer provides consistent shade selection, ensuring your toast is prepared exactly to your liking every time.
- Versatile Cooking Functions: Beyond toasting, this countertop oven excels at baking, broiling, and keeping food warm, offering a comprehensive solution for everyday meal preparation.
- Flexible Rack Placement: With three rack positions, you can optimize heat exposure for different types of food, ensuring perfect results whether you’re baking cookies or roasting a small chicken.
Cons
- Temperature Calibration: Due to the advanced heating elements, internal oven temperatures may run slightly lower than the dial setting; recipe adjustments might be necessary for optimal results.
The BLACK+DECKER 8-Slice Extra Wide Convection Countertop Toaster Oven is an ideal solution for busy households seeking a reliable and efficient alternative to a full-sized oven for everyday cooking tasks. Its blend of capacity, convection power, and user-friendly features makes it a standout choice for modern kitchens.
8. Ninja Air Fryer & Toaster Oven Combo | 10-in-1 Prestige
Elevate your kitchen experience with the Ninja Air Fryer & Toaster Oven Combo, the 10-in-1 Prestige appliance designed for ultimate versatility and convenience. Discover effortless cooking with smart convection and remarkable capacity, transforming everyday meals into culinary masterpieces.
This advanced countertop convection oven boasts 10 distinct cooking functions, from perfectly crisp air frying to whole roasts and pizzas. Its Smart Surround Convection ensures even cooking on two levels, eliminating the need for rotation, while the XL family-sized capacity accommodates large meals and batches, making it a powerful addition to any home kitchen.
Pros
- 10-in-1 Versatility: Seamlessly switch between Air Fry, Air Roast, Broil, Bake, Whole Roast, Pizza, Toast, Bagel, Reheat, and Dehydrate functions, offering unparalleled cooking flexibility for any recipe or meal.
- Smart Surround Convection Technology: Experience truly even cooking and superior crispiness thanks to the high-velocity fan and rear heat source that envelops food, ensuring consistent results on every level without manual intervention.
- XL Family-Sized Capacity: Effortlessly prepare family meals with space for two 9×9 baking trays, up to 20 cookies, 9 slices of toast, or a 12 lb. turkey, making it ideal for gatherings or batch cooking.
- Rapid Preheat and Faster Cooking: Save valuable time with a 90-second oven preheat and up to 30% faster cooking times compared to a standard full-size convection oven, perfect for busy weeknights.
- Healthier Cooking Options: Enjoy delicious, guilt-free meals with up to 75% less fat when air frying, tested against traditional deep-fried methods, promoting a healthier lifestyle.
- Intuitive Digital Display Handle: The illuminated rack positions automatically guide you to the correct setting for each function, and the display freezes when the door is open, preventing accidental changes to your cooking cycle.
Cons
- While offering substantial capacity, the countertop footprint might be a consideration for very small kitchens, though its multi-functionality often compensates for its size compared to owning multiple appliances.
The Ninja Air Fryer & Toaster Oven Combo stands out as a premier electric oven and multi-cooker, offering an all-in-one solution for busy households seeking efficiency, health, and delicious results. Its advanced features and ample capacity make it an exceptional choice for anyone looking to simplify their cooking routine without compromising on quality or taste.
9. Breville BOV650XL Compact Smart Oven and Countertop Toaster, Small, Brushed
Revolutionize your kitchen tasks with the Breville BOV650XL Compact Smart Oven. This versatile countertop appliance packs the power and precision of a full-size oven into a sleek, space-saving design, making it the ideal solution for everyday cooking and gourmet creations alike.
Experience superior cooking control with the innovative Element iQ System, which intelligently distributes heat using five independent quartz elements. With 1800 watts of power and eight pre-programmed cooking functions, this mini oven delivers fast, consistent results from toasting bread to roasting a chicken, all with effortless operation via its clear LCD display.
Pros
- Element iQ System Precision: Achieve perfectly cooked meals thanks to the smart distribution of power across five quartz elements, ensuring consistent temperature and optimal cooking for various tasks.
- Versatile 8 Cooking Functions: Effortlessly switch between Toast, Bagel, Bake, Broil, Pizza, Roast, Cookies, and Reheat, making this small oven an all-in-one solution for breakfast, lunch, and dinner.
- Compact Yet Capacious: Despite its small footprint, it boasts an interior that comfortably fits a 12-inch pizza, 4 slices of toast, or a small roast chicken, making it perfect for any kitchen size.
- Rapid Preheat: The 1800-watt heating element ensures your oven is ready to cook quickly, saving you time when preparing meals.
- Easy Cleanup: The non-stick cavity coating simplifies the cleaning process after use.
- Intuitive LCD Display: Easily navigate through cooking functions and settings with the user-friendly LCD screen.
Cons
- The compact size, while a benefit for smaller kitchens, may limit the capacity for larger batch cooking or oversized dishes compared to full-size ovens.
For those seeking a high-performance countertop oven that excels in both functionality and form, the Breville BOV650XL Compact Smart Oven is an exceptional choice. It’s the best electric oven solution for individuals or small families looking for a smart, efficient, and stylish appliance to handle a wide array of cooking needs.
10. Breville BOV450XL Mini Smart Countertop Oven and Toaster Oven, Small,
Elevate your home cooking with the Breville Mini Smart Countertop Oven, a compact powerhouse designed for culinary enthusiasts. Experience perfect pizzas, golden toast, and impeccably baked cookies with its intuitive Element iQ System, delivering precise heat distribution for exceptional results.
This versatile appliance makes delicious meals accessible on any kitchen counter.
This small but mighty countertop toaster oven is engineered with 5 independent quartz elements managed by smart algorithms, ensuring tailored cooking environments for everything from delicate cookies to robust roasts. Its rapid 1800-watt preheat significantly reduces meal preparation time, while the efficient design offers 8 essential cooking functions for a wide range of culinary adventures.
Pros
- Intelligent Cooking Control: The Element iQ System intelligently distributes heat using 5 independent quartz elements, ensuring consistent and perfectly cooked meals for tasks like baking cookies or broiling.
- Versatile Culinary Options: With 8 pre-set cooking functions including Toast, Bagel, Bake, Broil, Pizza, Roast, Cookies, and Reheat, this mini smart oven acts as a multi-functional appliance for diverse meal preparation.
- Space-Saving Efficiency: Its compact interior capacity (11 x 10 x 4 inches) is ideal for small kitchens, fitting items like 4 toast slices, bagels, 11-inch pizzas, or a 6-cup muffin tray, while offering 3 rack positions for flexibility.
- User-Friendly Operation: The clear LCD display provides easy navigation through all the smart cooking functions, making it simple to select the desired cooking mode for any recipe.
- Effortless Cleanup: A non-stick cavity coating simplifies the cleaning process after cooking, making maintenance a breeze for this convenient countertop roaster.
Cons
- The 11 x 10 x 4 inch interior, while efficient for small batches, may be too restrictive for larger meals or cooking for a family.
The Breville Mini Smart Countertop Oven is an excellent choice for individuals or couples seeking a high-performance, space-saving appliance that excels in a variety of cooking tasks. It delivers precision and versatility, making it a valuable addition to any modern kitchen, from toasting bagels to baking homemade pizza.
How to Choose the Best Electric Oven
Capacity and size essentials
The internal volume of your cooking appliance dictates not only the quantity of food you can prepare but also the types and sizes of cookware that will fit.
For instance, a compact countertop model might be perfect for a single individual or a couple with limited kitchen space, accommodating standard baking sheets and smaller roasting pans. Conversely, larger freestanding units offer expanded cubic feet, suitable for families who frequently entertain or prepare elaborate meals, easily fitting multiple dishes, large turkeys, or oversized casserole dishes.
When considering your options, differentiate between countertop units, which are generally smaller and portable, and freestanding models, which offer greater capacity and are a more permanent fixture. The choice between these configurations should align with your available kitchen footprint and your typical cooking demands, ensuring you have adequate space for both the appliance itself and the culinary creations you intend to make.
Performance and heating features
The core capabilities of an electric oven hinge on its performance and how effectively it generates and distributes heat.
These elements directly influence your cooking results, dictating how quickly meals prepare and how evenly they cook. High wattage generally translates to faster preheating and cooking times, a significant advantage when you’re pressed for time.
An oven that fluctuates wildly or runs significantly hotter or colder than its dial indicates will lead to burnt edges and undercooked centers, turning culinary aspirations into disappointments. For reliable results, look for models with robust temperature sensors and feedback mechanisms.
Understanding the heating system is also key. Conventional heating relies on static heating elements at the top and bottom, which works well for many traditional recipes.
This constant air movement ensures a much more uniform temperature, resulting in faster cooking and superior browning and crisping – think perfectly roasted chicken or evenly baked cookies. For bakers and those who frequently roast meats, a convection feature can be a game-changer, offering a measurable improvement in texture and appearance compared to standard bake modes.
Durability and material quality
The longevity and robustness of a cooking appliance are paramount for a sound investment.
Opting for a unit constructed with high-quality materials ensures it can withstand the rigors of frequent use, from baking intricate pastries to roasting meats, without compromising performance or appearance over time. This translates to fewer repair costs and a more reliable kitchen partner for years to come.
Pay close attention to the exterior build materials, often stainless steel or enameled surfaces, to gauge resistance to scratches and stains. Equally important are the interior finishes; a non-stick or easy-clean enamel surface dramatically simplifies pot scrubbing and residue removal after each culinary adventure. Furthermore, examine the door hinges and handle construction – they should feel solid and operate smoothly, indicating well-engineered components that won’t loosen or break under consistent pressure, a common point of failure in less-durable models.
The gasket around the door seal also plays a role in maintaining consistent oven temperatures and is a key indicator of overall manufacturing quality.
Safety and convenience functions
Safety and ease of use are paramount considerations for any modern kitchen appliance.
Prioritizing these aspects ensures a more enjoyable and stress-free cooking experience, offering peace of mind and enhanced functionality.
Key features to examine include intelligent auto shutoff mechanisms, which prevent accidental overheating and conserve energy by automatically turning off the appliance after a set period or when a cooking cycle is complete. Look for cool-touch exteriors, particularly important in busy households with children or pets, as these designs minimize the risk of burns from the oven’s surfaces. Evaluating the oven’s timer and preset functions is also beneficial; advanced controls allow for precise cooking durations and temperature settings, while pre-programmed options for common dishes can simplify meal preparation, transforming complex recipes into straightforward tasks and freeing up your time.
Quick Best Electric Oven Buying Checklist
- Assess Capacity Needs: Determine the size of meals and dishes you typically prepare to choose the right internal volume.
- Evaluate Heating Elements: Look for even heat distribution and precise temperature control for consistent cooking results.
- Consider Convection Options: Decide if a convection fan for faster, more even cooking is a priority.
- Check Build Materials: Opt for durable stainless steel or high-quality enamel for long-lasting use.
- Prioritize Safety Features: Ensure auto-shutoff, cool-touch exteriors, and stable footing are present.
- Ease of Cleaning: Look for non-stick interiors and removable components to simplify maintenance.
Frequently Asked Questions
What Is The Difference Between Countertop And Full-Size Electric Ovens?
Countertop ovens are compact and versatile for smaller kitchens or supplemental cooking, while full-size ovens offer larger capacity for family meals.
How Important Is Temperature Accuracy In An Electric Oven?
High temperature accuracy is crucial for baking and roasting, ensuring consistent results and preventing over or undercooked food.
Are Convection Electric Ovens Better Than Conventional Ones?
Convection ovens use a fan to circulate hot air, leading to faster, more even cooking and browning compared to conventional ovens.
What Materials Are Best For Electric Oven Interiors?
Enamel-coated interiors are common and generally easy to clean, while stainless steel offers durability and a premium look.
Should I Look For Specific Safety Features?
Key safety features include auto shut-off timers, cool-touch exteriors, and secure door latches to prevent accidents.
Final Words
By considering capacity, performance, durability, and safety, you can confidently select the best electric oven for your kitchen. These versatile appliances offer precise control and consistent results, making them a valuable addition to any home chef’s arsenal. Invest wisely to unlock a world of delicious culinary possibilities.
